उपचारांना दाद न देणारा रक्तक्षय (MDS): लोह व व्हिटॅमिनच्या गोळ्यांनीही हिमोग्लोबिन वाढत नसेल, विशेषतः वयस्कर व्यक्तींमध्ये, तर बोन मॅरोचा आजार (MDS) असू शकतो. बोन मॅरो तपासणीने निदान होते.
इलाज से न सुधरने वाला एनीमिया (MDS): आयरन और विटामिन की गोलियों से भी हीमोग्लोबिन न बढ़े, खासकर बुज़ुर्गों में, तो बोन मैरो की बीमारी (MDS) हो सकती है।
"Refractory anaemia" means low haemoglobin that does not improve with iron, B12 or folate. In older adults a common cause is myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) – a bone marrow disorder in which blood cells are produced abnormally.
Symptoms
Persistent tiredness, needing repeated transfusions, infections or bleeding if white cells or platelets are also low.
Diagnosis
Blood counts and smear, vitamin levels, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy with cytogenetics, and tests to rule out other causes. MDS is then risk-graded (IPSS-R / IPSS-M).
Treatment
- Lower-risk MDS: transfusion support, growth factors (erythropoietin), luspatercept in selected patients, iron chelation
- Higher-risk MDS: azacitidine or decitabine (given in day care) and transplant consultation for fit patients